Since reform and opening up, China’s textile industrial capacity is rapidly increasing, for the textile machinery industry development has provided a huge market space. After nearly 30 years of development, China has become the world’s textile machinery manufacturing center, the product worldwide in more than 130 countries (regions), industrial output value in 1990 of 40 million yuan to the year 2000 to 200 billion yuan in 2006 more is to achieve 52.8 billion yuan.
In December 2001, after China became a full member of WTO, the expansion of domestic and international market demand has stimulated the rapid growth of the textile trade, but also to further promote the development of the textile machinery industry, textile machinery exports began to increase every year. 2007 1 August, China’s textile machinery exports exceed 10 billion U.S. dollars for the first time mark.
However, the amount of textile machinery exports continued to increase and can not prove that China’s textile machinery industry has been to enhance industrial competitiveness, industrial safety in good condition, in fact, this phenomenon has also conceal the existence of China’s textile machinery industry, a variety of problems.
1, the global industrial transfer to promote the development of China’s textile machinery industry
Although China is the world’s textile machinery producing country, varieties and large quantities, but China’s textile machinery did not have international competitiveness. In the reform and opening up economic policies to attract foreign investment and a variety of preferential tax policies and the market prospects of the background, advanced textile machinery manufacturers have set up plants in China, such as the German textile machinery and the bagh e Telv Metzler textile machinery in China has formed a joint venture or wholly owned factory. Foreign companies to use China’s labor advantage and preferential policies in manufacturing and processing of textile machinery and then sold all over the world, stimulating the rapid growth of exports, resulting in the strength of China’s textile machinery to enhance the surface illusion.
However, these “market for technology” and the introduction of foreign capital does not improve the competitiveness of domestic textile machinery, but led to their emergence following various problems.
1. High end products imported from developed countries
As the domestic textile machinery mainly concentrated in the low end products unable to meet the needs of the domestic textile enterprises, with the January 1, 2005 abolition of global textile quotas by the end of 2007 and the abolition of the EU’s textile quotas by the end of 2008 the United States will be China’s textiles elimination of quotas and a series of favorable conditions for the lead, in recent years, China’s textile machinery imports have been more than three billion U.S. dollars to maintain the size.
2007 1 August, China’s textile machinery imports 3.14 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 26.82%.
China’s textile machinery importing countries such as Germany and Japan are mainly machinery manufacturing power. 2007 1 August, China’s import of textile machinery from Germany, 900 million U.S. dollars, up 41.7%; from Japanese imports of 980 million U.S. dollars, up 27.4%, from Germany, Japan and textile machinery imports in total imports 55.3%.
2007 1 ~ 8 months, China’s textile machinery import categories to pre treatment, mainly after the dyeing and finishing machinery, but these products are exactly the types of our products are not competitive.
2. Processing trade as the main mode of trade
The 20th century, 70 years ago, China’s textile machinery exports are mainly based on economic assistance; reform and opening up, we began to move toward trade exports. Over the next nearly 30 years, China’s export of textile machinery business strategy is to “export” as the basic guiding principles in order to expand overseas market share target. While in overseas markets have a certain reputation and earn a lot of foreign exchange, but in reality, most of these export performance of foreign funded enterprises in China have created, and these companies main business is the import of assistive devices and components to be assembled , processing, and then re exported to earn processing costs.
China’s main export products, knitting machinery, dyeing and finishing machinery, mostly Taiwanese and Hong Kong enterprises, local enterprises are still the main export Auxiliary machinery and spare parts have not access to advanced technology, to achieve industrial upgrading.
3. Export products concentrated in the developing
2007 1 August, China’s top five export markets of textile machinery in India, Hong Kong, Bangladesh, Indonesia and Pakistan, exports of these five markets accounted for 52.94% of total exports. Among this, exports of products are usually Hong Kong will continue to re export to other developing countries.
The relatively developed countries such as Germany and Japan in terms of higher prices, China’s export prices are relatively low, this market is very competitive in many developing countries. But as Southeast Asia, textiles and power production capacity increased demand for its high end products will also increase, then, if not to the high end of China’s textile machinery transfer, is bound to lose the market.
2007 1 August, in China’s textile machinery exports, chemical fiber machinery, non woven machinery, weaving preparation machinery exports declined over the same period imports of weaving preparation machinery and non woven machinery has reached 86.43% and 164.1% of the increase. This shows that our country these products with the level of developed countries is further widening.
Second, when compared with the developed countries there is a big gap between the textile machinery
At present, the International Textile technology trends are: the process of application of computerized, mechanical and electrical integration of textile machinery, textile technology, composite, printing and dyeing and finishing technology, modern, high tech textile products. In these respects, our country and the international advanced level have significant gaps.
As the trade in textiles led surge of textile machinery products sell very well in recent years, some relaxation of textile machinery manufacturers product development and process management; In addition, due to good market prospects, many enterprises to expand production capacity, resulting in disorderly competition, low cost Competitive Sales and other problems.
1. Product Reliability bad
Reliability refers to the specified conditions and within the time prescribed, the product the ability to complete the function, or the product can maintain its function of time, reflecting the durability of the product, trouble free nature, maintenance, availability and use of economic nature, is a measure of an important indicator of product quality.
Despite the higher prices of foreign products, many textile enterprises in the purchase of equipment, they often tend to imported products. Which is mainly due to imported products and high reliability. Many textile companies complained that, while the price of domestically produced equipment more affordable, but spent the latter part of the cost of failure was greater than that of imported products more stable operation.
2. R & D investment with low
At present, the domestic textile machinery manufacturing enterprises are state level technology development center, technology development, investment accounted for less than 1% share of sales. The main source of new products, technology, technical introduction, co production or prototype copy, innovation and small, and similar foreign models in the price performance on the vulnerable.
If a high degree of mechanical and electrical integration, automatic winding, non woven machines, knitting machinery and other products, the domestic while engaged in technical cooperation, but due to technical development capability and R & D funding is insufficient, products according to drawings of foreign production, the lack of innovation, the key to zero parts still has to import, and along with the constant introduction of new models of foreign, Competitive Sales prices down, so domestic textile machinery performance and low cost significantly lower than imported products, at present still imported products.
3. Basic industries is weak
Weak basic industries has hampered China’s textile machinery development, but also affected the quality of textile machinery and electrical integration levels. Constrained by domestic based industries, body materials, pumps, valves, hydraulic components, sealing parts, high strength fasteners and electronic components of quality, technical level and that there is still a gap compared to a direct impact on the overall China made textile machinery quality and technical levels.
Third, the future direction of development
According to “speed up the revitalization of the State Council on Several Opinions of the equipment manufacturing industry”, in 2007, the State took the lead in the field of implementation of the spare parts of textile machinery import tax preferential policies to encourage domestic textile machinery industry to speed up industrial upgrading. April 1, 2007 will be abolished by 23 categories of textile machinery, automatic import licensing management system; June 22, 2007 issued Notice No. 29 with effect from July 1 until December 31 only, for all specifications Auto winder, and air jet looms to implement the provisional import tax rate of zero tariffs, and import of key components to implement preferential policies for front end retreat. At the same time, for the protection of the domestic textile machinery industry development, and the provisions of the newly approved enterprises import all their specifications, all automatic winders and air jet looms to stop the implementation of import tax exemption.
The new policy to encourage the development of the textile machinery equipment: Nissan 2000 tons and above, complete sets of equipment, polyester staple fiber, high speed continuous textile machines, complete sets of high performance modern cotton spinning equipment, electromechanical integration, computers and air jet loom weaving, imitation cotton manufactory production line, computer jacquard machine, high speed precision knitting machine, product, process parameters on line monitoring systems, and high quality, high efficiency, energy saving environmentally friendly products and equipment.
In a favorable macroeconomic policy, industrial development, the textile machinery manufacturing enterprises should seize the current opportunity to improve product reliability and increase the R & D investment. Improve reliability start from the design aspect. Advanced foreign enterprises in the development of products, often the reliability of the design, manufacturing reliability, the reliability of a unified installation considerations, and repeated adjustments. And this happens to be lacking in domestic equipment.
From fundamentally improve the reliability of textile machinery products must increase investment in product development. At present, China’s R & D cost is low, the proportion of sales accounted for an average of less than 1% of the best companies may reach 5%, while the European countries, business R & D investment accounted for an average of 8% ~ 12%.
R & D is also the main way to improve value added products. Only increase the R & D efforts, increasing R & D funding, in order to develop new products, new technologies, improve overall standards, and achieve higher sales prices to earn more profits.
In addition, textile machinery system for export enterprises, the state should adopt tax policies to guide its shift to higher value added products. For a long time, textile machinery export market order and chaos, driving down prices of competing corporate profits weakened against the enterprise’s production enthusiasm.
Fourth, the industrial security issues require a longer time to resolve
In summary, although China’s textile machinery industry to develop in the apparent good, but in the domestic market, facing competition from high end products in developed countries; in the export market, mainly in the processing trade that dominated the primary mode of trade, It can be said of China’s textile machinery industry faces complex security problems. China’s textile machinery industry in resolving the various problems facing the need for some time, but only enhance the development of basic industries, improving product reliability, increase R & D investment, the production with their own brand of high value added products, China’s textile machinery industry, Industrial Safety can be guaranteed.
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